Walkable Cities

Walkable Cities: How Downtown Can Save America, One Step at a Time
© 2012 Jeff Speck
312 pages

  For most of human history, cities were limited to the area that people could cover on foot within a day, but the advent of railed transportation and later cars expanded our range, and cities grew enormously, far beyond pedestrian access. In the United States, where most cities were young or as-yet unformed, the automobile effectively created them in its image, to its scale, resulting in vast urban, decentralized urban areas wherin auto transport was assumed to be the norm -- and was, in fact, the only viable means of transportation.But those were the days of cheap energy, of abundant petroleum being used by a minority of the world.  While the 1970s oil crisis prompted European cities to retreat from auto-dependency, supporting instead cycling and passenger rail, the United States was 'lucky' enough to find new reserves...and dig itself a deeper hole.  But today, the prices at the pump aren’t being inflated by a cartel: they’re being driven, instead, by the world's ever-burgeoning thirst for oil, and its ever-real scarcity. The 'changing energy reality' of the 21st century demands a response. For Jeff Speck, city planner and architectual designer, the best adaption is the restoration of the walkable city, and in his first solo release (Walkable City), he timidly explains why walkability is important before more boldly laying out a ten-step path to human-scaled communities.

Although Walkable City eventually proves a work with muscle, it doesn't start out that way.  Speck introduces the book by explaining that it's not the next great piece of urban criticism. The arguments have already been made, he writes: what Americans lack is application. Perhaps for that reason, the section on the why of walkability lacks teeth; instead of championing as the path to municipal solvency (or better yet, dependable prosperity), a solid approach given how concerned Americans are with financial strain, he lists three reasons: walkable cities are green, good for your health, and hip.  He borrows from David Owen's The Green Metropolis for the section on cities' environmental advantages, of course, and that's a superior read for the why of walkability. Speck shines in execution, though.

How do you make a city walkable? First, check the forces that destroy it -- rein in the cars, promote mixed-used development, and for the love of all that is holy, stop building so many parking lots.  These set the stage: they are the foundation from which everything else can spring, although Speck doesn't stress the importance of mixed-used development nearly as much as I'd expect from someone who coauthored Suburban Nation; that section is positively anemic. Speck then stresses that incorporating other modes of transportation, like transit, are crucial. The section on the integration of trolleys into the urban fabric is one of the best in the book, in my option, because Speck doesn't see them as an magic if-you-build-it-they-will-come creator of walkability, but a fertilizer that allows downtown areas to flourish.  Some of his steps are less material, and more aesthetic  like making streets "Places". That will sound familiar to anyone who has read Jim Kunstler, or even The Great Good Place, but aesthetics also have material values. Streets lined with trees,  for instance, not only look appealing, but the trees make the street safer by calming traffic and provide pedestrians relief from the heat,  although they do expose them to the occasional peril of nut-throwing squirrels.  Chuck Marohn opined in Building Strong Towns that in certain instances, solutions to our cities' fiscal problems weren't possible: nothing can be done to save some places completely. What we have are opportunities for rational responses, and Speck takes this view as well,  advocating for urban triage, picking winners and letting some areas wither away.

Walkable Cities is a book to remember. The slow beginning is disappointing: this is a good book that could have been great. It could have been what Speck claimed from the start it wasn't, the next great book on American cities. As it is, Walkable Cities is a solid hit, distilling a lot of literature into one short and punchy work. (Among the books cited: the Holy Bible of urbanism, Jane Jacob's The Death and Life of Great American Cities; Donald Shoup's The High Cost of Free Parking; Jeff Mape's Pedaling Revolution; and Tom Vanderbilt's Traffic). Just as Suburban Nation was a fundamental book for understanding the problems of American urbanism, Walkable City is its complement, a comprehensive citizen's guide for advocacy,  giving people an idea of what measures they can work to effect on the local scale. Bit by bit, neighborhood after neighborhood, Americans can restore their urban fabric and create a nation of strong towns.

Related:

• Suburban Nation, Andres Duany, Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, Jeff Speck
• The Geography of Nowhere, James Howard Kunstler
• The Death and Life of Great American Cities, Jane Jacobs
• Building Strong Towns, Chuck Marohn
• The Green Metropolis, David Owen
• Asphalt Nation, Jane Holtz Keay

Home from Nowhere

Home from Nowhere: Remaking Our Everyday World for the 21st Century
© 1998 James Howard Kunstler
320 pages

"History doesn't believe anybody's advertising." (p.1)

James Howard Kunstler penned The Geography of Nowhere in an attempt to answer the question: why is America so obscenely ugly? His answer came in the form of a cultural history of the United States, one that introduced lay readers to urban planning and enticed them with its relevance to their lives, not to mention Kunstler's playfully vicious style. As much ground as it covered though, and as hilariously as Kunstler excoriated suburban sprawl and modernist building, he offered no solutions to the problems he detailed, except for the hope that oil would peak and destroy the entire rotten system. Home from Nowhere follows in Geography’s footsteps,  demonstrating how communities can be restored and are being restored– and elaborating on why he is hopeful for our future.

Home from Nowhere is less a book in its own right, and more a continuation, or a fulfillment, of The Geography of Nowhere. It begins by repeating Kunstler’s basic criticisms of the unraveling of America’s urban fabric, detailing his beef with the suburban sprawl which replaced traditional cities.  Kunstler’s perspective is different than that of Chuck Marohn (Strong Towns) or Andres Duany (Suburban Nation). While those authors focus on sprawl as a financial loser, Kunstler examines planning from a more humanistic perspective, probing into how traditional and planning both effect us, as people. Crucial to Kunstler's view of urbanism is a sense of "place". Traditional neighborhoods and cities have this sense of place: they have clear centers and edges. They can be defined. Sprawl, however, is a seemingly endless  and stultifyingly homogenous expanse of asphalt and neon -- a desert of concrete that engenders feelings of lostness and despair in those trapped in it.

Home builds on Geography first in providing ample illustrations -- not photographs,but attractive and elegant sketches which demonstrate architectural or planning concepts (like symmetry and proportion) or by depicting streetscapes and homes which can be emulate. Some chapters elaborate on the problems which inhibit the restoration of American urbanism, like real estate taxing policies ("A Mercifully Brief Chapter on a Frightening, Tedious, but Important Subject") that discourage the erection of fine buildings and promote instead the conversion of downtown into parking lots. The remaining third of the book is dedicated to covering the travails and triumphs of not only new urbanist planners like Andrues Duany and Peter Calthorpe designing communities, but concerned citizen-politicians who have been laboring to effect changes in their own cities, restoring traditional neighborhood development. Part of Home is a response to the criticism of new urbanist projects that most of them have consisted of greenfield development -- new development far from city cores, in effect creating much better suburbs but suburbs all the same.  Working within existing cities means constantly struggling with minds locked into old thinking. This argument is dated now, of course: since the bubble burst in late 2007, the new urbanists have been focusing on infill, on reactivating dead spaces inside cities. The wind is blowing in the direction of urban restoration, and Home from Nowhere chronicles its beginning.

Although the recap of The Geography of Nowhere means that Home could be read by itself,  Kunstler argued so well before that the first third seems watered down in comparison. The encouraging work he reports on is a welcome addition to the jeremiad-like Geography, though, and recommends itself to those concerned about the shape of America's cities. Kunstler's own personality imbues the narrative with strength: he's an interesting man, pining for a lost world of decorum, virtue, and grace and wanting to see it restored -- first through the built environment.

Teaser Tuesday (29 January)

Teaser Tuesday is a weekly event in which particpants share excerpts from their current reads. Play along at Should Be Reading!

Now we aim -- after some work -- to connect in the reader's mind, with a single thread, elements seemingly far apart, such as Cato the Elder, Nietzsche, Thales of Milteus, the potency of the system of city-states, the sustainability of artisans  the process of discovery, the onesidedness of opacity, financial derivatives  antibiotic resistance, bottoms-up systems, Socrates' invitation to overrationalize, how to lecture birds, obsessive love, Darwinian evolution, the mathematical concept of Jensen's inequality, optionality and option theory, the idea of ancestral heuristics, the works of Joseph de Maistre and Edmund Burke, Wittgenstein's anti-rationalism, the fraudulent theories of the economics establishment  tinkering and bricolage, terrorism exacerbated by death of its members, an apologia for artisan societies, the ethical flaws of the middle class, Paleo-style workouts (and nutrition), the idea of medical iatrogenics, the glorious notion of the magnificent (megalopsychon), my obsession with the idea of convexity (and my phobia of concavity), the late-2000s banking and economic crises, the misunderstanding of redundancy, the difference between tourist and flaneur, etc. All in one single -- and, I am certain, simple, -- thread.
How?

p. 20, Antifragile: Things that Gain from Disorder, Nassim Nicholas Taleb.

This week at the library: Little Ice Age, and Bernard Cornwell

Last night I finished Battleflag, third in the Nathaniel Starbuck series. Seeing as I just finished and commented on Copperhead, posting extensive thoughts on Battleflag seemed redundant. Nate is still the son of a Boston abolitionist preacher fighting for the south to rebel against his father and his best friend Adam is following his conscience by a course that sets him against his own father, a southern aristocrat, and they're not even the most interesting characters in the book. What sets Battleflag apart is the sudden  and hilarious transformation of a contemptible slave-holding drunk who has a military office because of political favors into  a sympathetic character. I'd reveal more, but for spoilers. The ending is also brilliant, because it brings Nate into direct collision with his father, who is a major character as well. Daddy Starbuck's appearance makes Nate far more likable, because in spite of the abolitionist vein of his preaching, the Reverend Starbuck  is a decidedly unpleasant man to spend time with. The next, and so far final, book in the series is Antietam.

Before that, though, I read Brian Fagan's The Little Ice Age: How Climate Made History, 1300-1850. It's an odd blend of history and science, and chronicles a long and weary succession of droughts, famines, plagues, and death. Small wonder the Calvinists subscribed to such a vicious god: if I'd lived through these years I'd start to think someone was out to get me, too.  Fagan doesn't try to make a case for the age being caused by one thing: although there are meteorological cycles to consider, the timespan was punctuated by volcano eruptions which didn't help things. The evidence Fagan uses ranges from the solid (weather records kept by farmers, monks, and the like) to the more dubious (changes in art, and the church's frequency of "Dear God in Heaven PLEASE STOP WITH THE PESTILENCE BIT" prayers), but Fagan clearly made pains to create a big picture understanding: the most notable illustration in the book is a two page map spread of Europe, which portrays the weather patterns for a particular month and includes references or evidence of the weather that at that time -- rain in Portugal, severe snow in Denmark, and so on.  All told, Little Ice Age proved an interesting read, illustrating  how quickly the weather can change and how severely it can effect human lives, something I'd hope we're starting to pick up on after the calamities of recent years.

I also finished James Howard Kunstler's Home from Nowhere, but it will merit its own post.

Note to self, stop buying books. Amazon delivers them more quickly than I can read them. I'm not kidding -- I ordered two books on Monday, figuring they'd be here in a week and a half to two weeks. In the meantime, I'd  chew over a couple of books at the library I've been interested in for a while now. But today, this morning, the books arrived. Now I have four new books waiting to be read in addition to my library books. Hmph. They are, for  the curious:

• Antifragile: Things that Gain from Disorder, by Nassim Nicholas Taleb. I waited for this book's release all last year. 
• Walkable City: How Downtown Can Save America, One Step at a Time, Jeff Speck. This is also a new release, and by one of the authors of Suburban Nation, one of my top ten favorites of last year.
• Earth: An Intimate History, Richard Foley.  My second science read for the year, this time in geology.
• The Age of Steam, Thomas Crump. I bought this one to feed my hunger for trains, and then realized the library had a copy of Christian Wolmar's The Great Railroad Revolution. I don't want to binge, so this is low priority even though it also features a subject I'd like to find a book dedicated to, which is riverboats.

From the library, I have...

• Patterns of Home, a spin-off of Christopher Alexander's A Pattern Language, which I intend to read one day if I find a copy that isn't priced so dearly.  The book examines elements of successful home construction, like proportion and sunlight management. 
• Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment , various authors including Robert Bellah. I'd intended for this to be my next serious read, but considering my interest in Antifragile, it may wait. 

Copperhead

Copperhead: Ball's Bluff, 1862
© 1993 Bernard Cornwell
417 pages

Nathaniel Starbuck is a man with a mighty grumpy enemy.  Wealthy Virginian planter Washington Falcouner rescued Starbuck from a mob, asking him for his service in arms alongside his son, Adam, in return. Seeing as Adam and Nate were the best of friends, and Starbuck found soldiering to be his kind of adventure, it didn't seem too bad  a bargain....but after the events of Rebel, Nate's benefactor is now his nemesis.  It's not that Nate suddenly decided he disliked fighting for the south against his native Union: no, he's quite happy in the Confederate army, because he likes fancying himself a rebel. Once he was a timid seminary student, the scion of a respectable family -- and now he's a rugged heathen, living the life of  a gallant soldier at war,  all adventure and romance -- and not a thought given to respectability  Fiddle-dee-dee!   But the same weakness that led Nate from the north into the Confederate army and lost him his father's affections has lost him his patron's warm wishes, and now he has to survive the imminent defeat of the Confederacy on his own.  They can't hardly beat back Little Mac, the new Napoleon, the man with the largest, best-armed military force ever seen on the continent!   But as one of Nate's comrades notes, it ain't over 'til the pig has stopped squealing.  Copperhead is second in the Nathaniel Starbuck series, and takes its characters down some unexpectedly delightful roads.

Although its title herald's "Ball's Bluff",  a skirmish surely few readers have ever heard of (outside the ranks of devoted ACW historians),  Copperhead is more a spy thriller dominated by the evolution of its characters than it is a tale of combat. Not that I'm complaining:  I don't too much like reading about southern aristocrats exhulting in their victory as slaves fan them at Twelve Oaks  The book begins with a skirmish and ends with McClellan's Peninsular Campaign in 1862, which -- if you remember that the war didn't end until 1865 -- you might guess proved unsuccessful, despite the material advantages of the Union army. Cornwell's story explores the question of why, and the speculative answer is the shadow war of intelligence and deceit, one in which Starbuck becomes an unwilling participant.  He's already regarded as suspect because his father is an abolitionist preacher, but when they discover that a Union intelligence officer named James Starbuck is corresponding with someone  in the southern ranks, someone feeding him potent information,  trouble ensues for Nate, and leads to him meeting Death.

de'Ath, that is -- it's French.  I'll not spoil anything,  but the spy games are  on the level of Where Eagles Dare.  What makes the novel for me is the unexpected transformation of Nate's best friend Adam, from a soft plantation prince  into a man who seizes the reins and becomes a rebel of an altogether different sort. (This continues in the third novel, Battle Flag, which I had to check out immediately after finishing this one, because I've been well taken by the story.)  Other characters shine; the aforementioned de'Ath, who is a Confederate intelligence officer,  and....the Son of Sharpe!   I didn't make the connection until I was finished with the novel, but I immediately liked the fellow as presented in the story, and when I later realized, I liked him all the more. (He reappears in Battle Flag, so much the better!)   Nate is still by far the weakest Cornwell protagonist I've encountered:  as amusing as his weakness for the ladies is, it doesn't compensate for the fact that he's a character without spirit: he's a rebel without a cause,  and he seems more self-indulgent than anything else.

Even if the main character is a bit of boob, I'm steadily enjoying this series --  mostly for the cast, but with the usual honors given to Cornwell's  strengths.  His wicked sense of humor is on full display, too, moreso than in his more recent works.

Apologies for the multiple Gone with the Wind references, but I've been rewatching the movie this week.

This week at the Library: Hunger Games, Hunting, and Baseball

I started this year off by finishing The Hunger Games: its finale, Mockingjay, utterly consumed my attention. It's the story of revolution, a war against the oppressive Capitol which erupted in the course of the 75th Hunger Games, a teenage deathmatch used by the state to humble its constituent districts.  But somehow, forcing people to revel in the deaths of their children produced more than a spark of resistance, and in Mockingjay, war wages. But the war isn't between the evil Capitol and a shining city upon a hill: the rebellion and its leader have been hardened by decades of of war, and to them Katniss is a pawn to be used. Largely alone, Katniss has to overcome both the enemy and her 'allies'.

I've utterly enjoyed this series, though there were times in reading Mockingjay where I stopped reading, partially to  recover from the tensity and grimness, and partially to put off the ending: when engaged in a drama like this, who wants it to stop?  I can see this being a series I read again. They're action thrillers, essentially, with some character drama thrown in and a fair few brilliant one-liners, mostly from Katniss and her mentor Haymitch. The relationship angst is unobtrusive, and there's virtually no actual Romance, which almost never reads well -- at least, to me. I know there's a market for bedroom scenes on paper -- someone buys those bodrice-rippers in the supermarkers, and the 50 Shades of Grey books -- but I'm not of it.  The series will be a highlight, to be sure.

I also read another short baseball book, Michael Shaara's For the Love of the Game. I would wager that practically no one knows Shaara outside of his The Killer Angels novel, which covered the battle of Gettysburg, the movie of which spurred his son into becoming a historic novelist. For the Love is written in Shaara's style, right inside the character's head, with their scattered thoughts forming the text of the book. Stream-of-consciousness writing can be grating, but with Shaara I'm drawn in completely. Here, he tells the story of an aging baseball pitcher who has spent his life with one team, the Hawks, who has one last game to prove himself.  I'm not a sports fan, but I enjoyed it all the same.

This past week saw my first bit of nonfiction: Steven Rinelli's Meat Eater: Adventures from the Life of an American Hunter.  I've never hunted in my life, unless you count wandering down the street with a slingshot and the naive ambition to see if I could hit some birds  with it -- and I invariably brought a book to read on my childhood fishing trips. But I'm mildly curious about both, and so enjoyed Rinelli's tales of hunting, trapping, and fishing. The book is entertaining in its novelty: I'm sure even seasoned hunters in my area have never hunted mountain lion (which Rinelli shyed away from, thinking it to be not enough of a challenge)  or pondered the taste of bear meat. According to him, bears taste like their diet, which is nice if you eat a blueberry-diner, but not altogether pleasant if you munch down on a beast that's been indulging in carrion. I had no idea people still trapped animals for fur: that kind of thing is straight out of the history books or Little House on the Prairie. But according to Rinelli, not only does a fur market exist, but it was rather healthy until the 1980s.  Rinelli covers not only the kind of hunting average sportsmen engage in, but the adventures most only dream of -- canoing and hiking far into the wilderness in pursuit of beasts few have laid eyes on. The adventures are complemented with reflections on outdoor life, in which Rinelli muses on the ethnics of trophy hunting, or what constitutes a 'challenge'.  For those interested in the lifestyle may find it, as I did, a vicarious jaunt into the wild.

Next week should see my first 'conventional' nonfiction reads for the year, as I'm halfway into Brian Fagan's The Little Ice Age: How Climate Made History, 1300 - 1850 and anticipate getting into Home from Nowhere, shortly after that. Considering it's the sequel to The Geography of Nowhere, and concerns new urbanism, I may be so entirely distracted by it that I read it first.

It's a good bet.

The Best of 2012

Previous Wrap-Ups: 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011

            Another year has come and gone, and once again it’s time to reflect upon the previous years’ reading. 2012 was a banner year for reading, with a flabbergastingly excellent array of books. It was nonfiction's comeback year, as I pursued my private challenge of reading more in science, and read extensively in the area of "civic awareness", learning more about transportation, energy, waste maintenance, and other systems which we all depend upon.  I was a little carried away by my French-themed reading centered on Bastille Day, and one of my Independence Day selections ignited a mild John Adams fixation, but one dwarfed by a resurgent interest in human space flight kicked off by my watching From the Earth to the Moon.

Historical Fiction

Bernard Cornwell was again a mainstay, though the King Arthur trilogy which I read in the fall blew Sharpe away; The Enemy of God in particular stood out.  Cornwell is easy to heap praise on, but that went beyond my usual, already-elevated expectations.  However, I also discovered the historical fiction of David Liss, (The Coffee Trader)  who does business thrillers set in the early industrial area, at a time when the global market was just beginning to be unified and societies were becoming increasingly complex. 

Science

For years I've been saying, "I've gotta read more science". I can call that goal a triumph. The Ghosts of Evolution and The Wild Life of Our Bodies were the most impressive of the lot, with Why We Get Fat and The Sun's Heartbeat also being impressive. And of course, there were the human spaceflight books, the most notable of which was Andrew Chaikan's A Man on the Moon, which inspired From the Earth to the Moon.

Science Fiction

 This hasn't been a big year for science fiction, but even in a good year Lucifer's Hammer would have led the pack. In that, an asteroid smacks the Earth and causes earthquakes, flooding, and other kinds of natural-disaster merriment, leading to the prompt collapse of civilization and good times for all. 

Star Trek

I didn't stay as active in Trek literature as I wanted to, most of my reading being nonfiction, but I did read quite a few new releases as well as a couple of older titles. David R. George III's Typhon Pact duology was the knockout,  however brilliantly-written Christopher Bennett's Department of Temporal Investigations books were.  Two of Peter David's Q books -- Q-in-Law and Q-Squared were easily the best of Trek books outside of new releases.

Fantasy

 Here again I must mention the Arthur Trilogy. Sure, I mentioned in in historical fiction, but there were fantastical elements here, and frankly it's a series worth mentioning twice. I also continued in the Heroes of Olympus series by Rick Riordan, which I'm rather liking given the new Roman take on the gods.

Religion and Philosophy

 The exemplars this year were Seneca's Letters and Dialogues, parts of which I've read repeatedly throughout the year, and Bart Ehrman's Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium.  Busyness saw a review of that one slip through the cracks, but I intend on re-reading it next year.

History

Ah, my mainstay.  I'll remember 2012 for being the year I found Joseph Ellis, most of whose books on the American Revolution I read during the summer -- save his biography of George Washington, which I purposely saved for 2013's Independence Day reading. I especially liked Founding Brothers,   Some of my historical reads intertwined with civics and society, but on the 'pure' history side..

• John Adams, David McCullough
• A Man on the Moon, Andrew Chaikan
• A People's History of the Civil War/  Bitterly Divided: the South's Inner Civil War, David Williams
• Salt: a World History, Mark Kurlansky
• Blood, Iron, and Steel, Christian Wolmar
• If Walls Could Talk, Lucy Worsley

Civics and Society

As mentioned, a lot of my reading this year connected to a 'civic awareness' theme, one that grew out of my longstanding interest in urbanism. The books I read in this area combined science, history, technology, and social criticism. They were the cream of the crop, many the kind of books that made permanent inroads in my mind.  When I composed a "top ten" list,  they took six spots.

• Bowling Alone: the Decline and Revival of American Community, Robert Putnam
• Asphalt Nation, Jane Holtz Keay
• Fast Food Nation, Eric Schlosser
• Suburban Nation, Andres Duany, Elizabeth Plater-Zybeck et. al
• Consuming Kids, Susan Linn
• The Great Good Place, Ray Towneley
• The Green Metropolis, David Owen

These listed were the best, but I can't go without mentioning Waste and Want: A Social History of Trash.

What will 2013 bring? Well, I've not yet exhausted Bernard Cornwell's Sharpe series, and he has another medieval work about to be released which I'm sure to jump on. I'll be keeping up with Trek literature, of course. I anticipate continuing my civics and society theme, and in particular finishing Jane Jacob's The Life and Death of Great American Cities, which I began reading last spring, until I fell off the horse and became fascinated by books on trash and toilets. Even only halfway in, though, Jacobs' work has profoundly altered my worldview. 

I've opted to take down my embarrassingly bloated book wishlist with an "upcoming reads" section, which will only list at maximum 25 titles. The idea is the same, but I'll be including only titles I'm very much interested in. 

Catching Fire

Catching Fire
© Suzanne Collins 2009
391 pages

 When Katniss Everdeen stepped foot into the arena of the 74th Hunger Games, she didn’t expect to leave alive,  let alone a victorious symbol of rebellion and hope against tyranny. She defied the odds and the rules, but she won all the same; there’s no business like show business. Now they want her back for more.
In Katniss’ world,  a depraved Capitol forces twelve subordinate districts of the nation to each send two of their young people to compete in gladiator games to the death. Perhaps the greatest comfort of having won the games is exemption from having to compete again…but when the 75th anniversary of the games’ being instituted rolls around, the powers that be decide to prove to their subjects that “even the mightiest” are no match for the power of the state. For the 75th games, the competitors will be drawn exclusively from the ranks from past victors…which is unfortunate for Katniss, because she’s the only female victor from her district. The leader of the Capitol, President Snow, sees Katniss as nothing but trouble…and as she prepares to fight for her life once again, she sees these games as a deliberate attempt to kill her without anyone being the wiser. Fortunately for Katniss, Capitol isn’t the only power with secret plans.

Though initially dismayed by the plot – Katniss having to survive the games again? – the games are a bigger story's  ignition point, bringing a sea of tension to a rolling boil, and matters get decidedly interesting. Even if the plot were a rehash of the first, it might still be worth reading. This year’s contestants aren’t all  teenagers: most of the victors were adults, slowed and damaged by the years, and some are addled or elderly. Katniss may be a prime target, but she’s also young and still wired for action from the last Hunger Games. Still, nothing goes as expected.

The Hunger Games trilogy continues to provide a fast, unpredictable, and thrilling read, with characters that fascinate. It suffers only mildly from being the bridge between The Hunger Games and Mockingjay. Character drama plays a larger role here, but it's not tiresome: Gale, Peeta, and Katniss have all put in their time as characters already, so they're allowed to fret over some romantic tension...but even so, they're all three bigger character than that, and each in turn swallows their stress and goes back to doing what needs to be done in the larger scheme of things -- resisting the Capitol.

I cannot wait for more.

Reeds to Reals: The Hunger Games (No Spoilers)

In the not-too-distant future, civilization as we know it is long-vanished, replaced by a sprawling empire centered on North America that murders children for sport. To punish its twelve constituent districts for past rebellion, the government  of Capitol forces them to each send two children to participate in a multiweek struggle of wilderness survival and combat to the death --the Hunger Games. It is a perverse punishment that not only destroys the lives of young people, but makes their last harrowing hours into a source of entertainment when the drama is televised and made mandatory viewing, so that the people under Capitol's yoke can "celebrate" the forever end of rebellion. But when Katniss Everdeen volunteers for the games to save her sister from dying in the arena, the days of submission are over...because Katniss doesn't do submission well.

I was quite taken with The Hunger Games, which I read at the tail end of December, and its jump to the big screen is an impressive success, particularly visually:  the Capitol uses aesthetic styles that illustrate their inhumanity, like Soviet Union-esque brutalism, and the trite artificiality of the Capitol citizens themselves -- their obsession with prettiness, the way they get caught up in the pomp and excitement of the games while ignoring the fact that they're entertaining themselves by watching children die - is perfectly loathsome, as is their make-up.  A dramatized filming of the Hunger Games is problematic, however: although people viewing the movie aren't celebrating the deaths of children, we are still entertaining ourselves through the onscreen depiction of the same. The film almost avoids this, however: the bloodiest deaths happen to older actors who wouldn't look out of place being skewered on the beaches of Troy or some other sword-and-sandal epic. The death with the greatest potential for being obscene is handled as discretely as possible, with a cutaway and then a return to the saddening consequence.

In the books, Katniss tells the story, and her narration adds details and flavor that are sometimes missed in the on-screen version,  where action carries the day. There are added scenes, however, that tell the story Katniss gave in the books, and these work especially well given that they featured President Snow, who is a more prominent character in Catching Fire.  Other than this, the only real injustice given to the book was the appearance of Thresh: in the book, he and Katniss have a poignant connection, whereas here they merely brush by one another, and he's barely more than an extra. Their moment together, bonding over the death of another character, and the consequences of that bond, were one of my favorite parts of the book and I count the movie as worse for having discarded that.

Definitely worthwhile for a Hunger Games fan.

Calico Joe

Calico Joe
© 2012 John Grisham
208 pages

It's not every day that dear old dad tries to murder your childhood hero, but such a thing happened to Paul Tracy. His dad was Warren Tracy, an abusive drunk playing for the Mets and rapidly pitching himself out of a job. His hero? Joe Castle, from Calico Rock, Arkansas, a man who had never struck out. A phenomenon behind the plate, "Calico Joe" was the greatest rookie to play the game...until the young, legendary hitter met the angry, bitter pitcher who wanted to teach the young squirt some manners. Hence, violence.  What happened between the two ruined both of their careers and drove Paul to avoid America's game for the next thirty years. But now, with Warren on his deathbed, Paul hopes to effect his reclamation...by arranging a meeting between the two aging players.

John Grisham has dabbled in sports books before, to some success; inevitably for a southern writer, previous forays into the athletic fields were football books. Here he writes on the baseball diamond, and has produced in Calico Joe a short and syrupy sweet novel heavy on character drama rather than plot twists. I read it just after Christmas, and its theme of redemption and forgiveness fit the mood; this is a fast-flying tale that's more of a extended short story than a meaty novel.

2012 Cumulative Reading List

Below is the past year's reading, updated for the last time yesterday morning..expect the annual end of the year wrap up today or tomorrow.

Books in bold print are superior favorites.

-- January -- 

1. Bowling Alone: the Collapse and Revival of American Community, Robert D. Putnam
2. The Son of Neptune, Rick Riordan (Fiction)
3. Sharpe's Honour, Bernard Cornwell  (Fiction)
4. The Positronic Man, Isaac Asimov (Fiction)
5. How the Mind Works, Steven Pinker
6. The Throne of Fire, Rick Riordan (Fiction)
7. The Misunderstood Jew: the Church and the Scandal of the Jewish Jesus, Amy-Jill Levine
8. Supervolcano: Eruption, Harry Turtledove (Fiction)
9. The Oceans, Ellen J. Prager and Sylvia A. Earle
10. At Home: A Short History of Private Life, Bill Bryson
11. Star Wars: Choices of One, Timothy Zahn (Fiction)
12. If Walls Could Talk: An Intimate History of the Home, Lucy Worsley
13. Death from the Skies! These Are the Ways the World Will End..., Phil Plait
14. Do One Green Thing, Mandy Pennybacker
15. Siddhartha, Hermann Hesse
16. Reporter, Alvin Benn

-- February --
17. Star Wars: Outbound Flight, Timothy Zahn (Fiction)
18. Journey to the Center of the Earth, Jules Verne (Fiction)
19. Desert Solitaire, Edward Abbey
20. The Ingredients, Phillip Ball
21. Asphalt Nation: How the Automobile Took Over America and How We Can Take It Back, Jane Holtz Kay
22. Lucifer's Hammer, Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle (Fiction)
23. The Age of Louis XIV, Will and Ariel Durant
24. Sharpe's Regiment, Bernard Cornwell (Fiction)
25. Anatomy of a Murder, Robert Travers (Fiction)
26. The Plot Against America, Philip Roth (Fiction)
27. A Time to Kill,  John Grisham  (Fiction)

-- March --
28. Superfreakonomics, Steven B. Levitt and Stephen Dubner
29. A Brief History of Thought, Luc Ferry
30. The Firm, John Grisham  (Fiction)
31. Runaway Jury, John Grisham (Fiction)
32. The Ascent of Money, Niall Ferguson
33. Is It Just Me? Whoopie Goldberg
34. Founding Rivals: Madison vs Monroe, Chris DeRose
35. The Obamas, Jodi Kantor
36. Death of Kings, Bernard Cornwell  (Fiction)
37. I Didn't Ask to be Born, Bill Cosby
38. Star Trek Voyager: Children of the Storm, Kirsten Beyer  (Fiction)
39. Life Ascending: the Ten Great Inventions of Evolution, Nick Lane

-- April --
40. Blood, Iron, and Gold: How Railroads Transformed the World, Christian Wolmar
41. Salt: A World History, Mark Kurlansky
42. Nickle and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America, Barbara Ehrenreich
43. A Conspiracy of Paper, David Liss  (Fiction)
44. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Search of the American Dream, Barbara Ehrenreich
45. Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal, Eric Schlosser
46. It's a Sprawl World After All: the Human Cost of Unplanned Growth, Douglas E. Morris
47. Fablehaven, Brandon Mull  (Fiction)
48. The Coffee Trader, David Liss  (Fiction)

--May--
49. Star Trek: Department of Temporal Investigations, Christopher L. Bennett (Fiction)
50. Star Trek DS9: Worlds of Deep Space Nine Volume II, The Dominion and Ferenginar  (Fiction)
51. The Early Asimov, Isaac Asimov  (Fiction)
51. Suburban Nation: the Rise of Sprawl and the Decline of the American Dream, Andres Duany, Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, and Jeff Speck
52. Catching Fire: How Cooking Made us Human, Richard Wrangham
53. Star Trek DS9: Hollow Men, Una McCormack  (Fiction)
54. Reefer Madness, Eric Schlosser
55. The Wal-Mart Effect, Charles Fishman
56. The Shallows: What the Internet is Doing To Our Brains, Nicholas Carr
57. Consuming Kids: The Hostile Takeover of Childhood, Jennifer Linn
58. Traffic: Why We Drive the Way We Do (And What it Says About Us), Tom Vanderbilt
59. A History of the World in Six Glasses, Tom Standage
60. Cheap: The High Cost of Discount Culture, Ellen Ruppel Shell
61. So Sexy So Soon: The New Sexualized Childhood and What Parents Can Do to Protect Their Kids, Diane E. Levin and Jean Kilbourne
62. Why We Get Sick: the New Science of Darwinian Medicine, Randolph M. Nesse and George C. Williams

--June--
63. Why We Get Fat: and What To Do About It, Gary Taubes
64. The Witch of Hebron, James Howard Kunstler (Fiction)
65. A Blaze of Glory, Jeff Shaara (Fiction)
66. Cinderella Ate My Daughter! Dispatches from the Front Lines of the New Girlie-Girl Culture, Peggy Orenstein
67. Hot, Flat, and Crowded: Why America Needs a Green Revolution, Tom Friedman
68. Rebel, Bernard Cornwell
69. The Great Good Place: Cafés, Coffee Shops, Bookstores, Bars, Hair Salons and Other Hangouts at the Heart of a Community, Ray Oldenburg
70. Something from the Oven: Reinventing Dinner in the 1950s, Laura Shapiro
71. The Green Metropolis: Why Living Smarter, Living Closer, and Driving Less are the Keys to Sustainability, David Owen
72. The Great Stagnation: How America Ate All the Low-Hanging Fruit of Modern History, Got Sick, and Will (Eventually) Feel Better, Tyler Cowen
73. Founding Brothers: the Revolutionary Generation, Joseph Lewis 

--July--
74. Our Sacred Honor, William J. Bennett  
75. Bringing up Bébé, Pamela Druckerman 
76. The Good Citizen, Robert Bellah, Cornel West, et. al 
77. A People's History of the Civil War, David Williams
78. French Lessons: Adventures with Knife, Fork, and Corkscrew, Peter Mayle 
79. French Women Don't Get Fat,  Mireille Guiliano 
80. The Age of Napoleon, Alistair Horne
81. Sixty Million Frenchmen Can't Be Wrong, Jean-Benoit Nadeau and Julie Barlow
82. Star Trek TNG: Q-in-Law, Peter David
83. Star Trek TNG: Ship of the Line, Diane Carey
84. Star Trek DS9: Station Rage, Diane Carey
85. The Ghosts of Evolution: Nonsense Fruit, Missing Partners, and Other Ecological Anachronisms, Connie Barlow
86. First Family: Abigail and John Adams, Joseph Ellis
87. The Artificial River: the Erie Canal and the Paradox of Progress, 1817-1862, Carol Sherriff


 denotes Independence Day reading.
 denotes Bastille Day reading.

--August--
88. Lost Moon: the Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13, Jim Lovell and Jeffrey Kluger
89. John Adams, David McCullough
90. Coup d'Etat, Harry Turtledove
91. The Wild Life of Our Bodies, Rob Dunn
92. Bad Astronomy, Phil Plait
93. A Man on the Moon, Neil Chaiken
94. Q-Squared, Peter David
95. The Family Corleone, Ed Falco
96. The Tell-Tale Brain, V.S. Ramachandran
97. They Eat Puppies, Don't They? Christopher Buckley
98. Consuming Power: A Social History of American Energies, David Nye
99. Star Trek DTI: Forgotten History, Christopher L. Bennett
100. Dialogues and Essays, Seneca
101. Star Trek Typhon Pact: Plagues of Night, David R. George III

--September --
102. The Most Glorious Fourth:  Vicksburg and Gettysburg, July 4th 1863, Duane Schutlz
103. Star Trek Typhon Pact: Raise the Dawn, David R. George III
104. Summer of my German Soldier, Bette Green
105. Empire of Illusion: the End of Literacy and Triumph of Spectacle, Chris Hedges
106. No Logo, Naomi Klein
107. The Sun's Heartbeat, Bob Berman
108. Moon Shot: the Inside Story of America's Race to the Moon, Alan Shephard and Deke Slayton
110. Mudhouse Sabbath, Lauren Winner
111. The Numerati, Stephen Baker
112. The Conundrum: How Scientific Innovation, Increased Efficiency, and Good Intentions Can Make Our Energy and Climate Problems Worse, David Owen
113. Hamlet's Blackberry: Building a Good Life in the Digital Age, William Powers
114. Germany: Unraveling an Enigma, Greg Nees 
115. Waste and Want: A Social History of Trash, Susan Strasser
116. Salvation on Sand Mountain, Dennis Covington

-- October --
117. Gone Tomorrow: the Hidden Life of Garbage, Helen Rogers
118. Guyland: the Perilous World Where Boys Become Men, Michael Kimmel
119. The Lolita Effect: the Media Sexualization of Young Girls and What We Can Do About It, M. Gigi Durham
120. Fantastic Voyage, Isaac Asimov
121. The Twelfth Imam, Joel Rosenberg
122. Thoughts on Building Strong Towns, Charles Mahrohn
123. The Tehran Initiative, Joel Rosenberg
124. The Winter King: A Novel of Arthur, Bernard Cornwell
125. Going Up the River: Travels in a Prison Nation, Joseph Hallman
126. Enemy of God: A Novel of Arthur, Bernard Cornwell
127. Flushed! How the Plumber Saved Civilization, W. Hodden Carter
128. Bitterly Divided: the South's Inner Civil War, David Williams
129. Ask Click and Clack: Answers from Car Talk, Tom and Ray Magliozzi
130. Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millenium, Bart Ehrman

--November--
131. The Mark of Athena, Rick Riordan
132. Excalibur: A Novel of Arthur, Bernard Cornwell
133. Watching the English: the Hidden Rules of English Behaviour, Kate Fox 
134. Notes from a Small Island, Bill Bryson 
135. The Long Earth; Terry Pratchett and Stephen Baxter
136. Twilight of the Mammoths: Ice Age Extinctions and the Rewilding of America, Paul S. Martin
137. Space Chronicles: Facing the Ultimate Frontier, Neil deGrasse Tyson
138. A South Divided: Portraits of Dissent in the Confederacy, David Downing
139. Hominids (Neanderthal Parallax), Robert J. Sawyer
140. 1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created, Charles C. Mann

-- December --
141. Star Trek Voyager: the Eternal Tide, Kirsten Beyer
142. Cattle: An Informal Social History, Laurie Winn Carlson
143. Supervolcano: All Fall Down, Harry Turtledove
144. The Great Railroad Revolution, Christian Wolmar
145. The Humans Who Went Extinct, Clive Finlayson
146. Riding Rockets, Mike Mullane
147. The Racketeer, John Grisham
148. The Hunger Games, Suzanne Collins
149. The Road to Serfdom, F.A. Hayek
150. Twilight, Stephenie Meyer